Overview

Mast cells and eosinophils are key players in the immune system, helping the body respond to allergens and infections. In Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases (EGIDs), these cells can become overactive, releasing inflammatory mediators that trigger symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, and food intolerance.

Understanding how mast cells interact with eosinophils is essential for improving diagnosis, uncovering disease mechanisms, and developing targeted treatments for people living with EGIDs.

Watch the Recording: Eosinophils, Mast Cells, and EGIDs 

Presented by:

  • Joshua B. Wechsler, MD, MSCI, Children’s Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Paediatrics (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition), Medicine (Allergy and Immunology)


hands with paper intestines representing eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases

Help us develop more resources like this

Discover how eosinophils and mast cells drive EGIDs and related type 2 inflammatory disorders.

Key Questions Covered in the Video:

  1. Why are mast cells ignored?
  2. Standardised approach to quantifying mast cells
  3. Mast cells increase and relationships to abnormalities in EoE and other EGIDs
  4. How do mast cells change with treatment in EGIDs?
  5. Persistent elevation of mast cells and mast cell density despite low eosinophils in EoE
  6. Differential increase in mast cells in response to EoE trigger reintroduction
  7. Limited studies on mast cell changes with treatment in non-EoE EGIDs
  8. Are mast cells activated in EGIDs?
  9. Degranulation of mast cells as a core mechanism of activation
  10. Assessment of mast cell activation by Flow
  11. Activated mast cells’ correlation with the severity of oedema/furrows and basal zone hyperplasia
  12. Correlation of mature tryptase in the serum of EoE patients with eosinophilic and basal zone hyperplasia
  13. Increased activated mast cells in Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis (EoG)
  14. Mast cell types in EoE patients
  15. Molecules released by activated mast cells: oncostatin M and the epithelial barrier
  16. Other proteins released by an activated mast cell: tryptase, chymase, histamine and CP3
  17. Potential role of CP3 in barrier dysfunction
  18. Mast cells as a source of IL-13, which contributes to mucosal barrier disruption
  19. Mast cells' interaction with sensory neurons
  20. TGF-Beta production by oesophageal mast cells
  21. Inhibition of mast cell activation: disodium chromoglycate and Omeprazole
  22. Emerging drugs that target mast cells
  23. Summary

Further Resources and Support

Discovering Mast Cells' Role in Eosinophilic Oesophagitis with Machine Learning

Insights from EoE Genetic Research by Molly Shook

The Evolving Understanding of Eosinophilic-Associated Type 2 Inflammatory Diseases

New Screening Tool to Enhance Diagnosis and Management of T2 Inflammation Disorders

Eosinophilic Diseases Research: Past, Present and Future


This resource was developed with support from the National Lottery Community Fund.