What is the role of the microbiome in EGIDs? The microbiome consists of the trillions of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microorganisms that live on and within us. An imbalance in the microbiome, called dysbiosis, is associated with allergic diseases such as asthma and eczema. Early-life exposures affecting the microbiome are associated with eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE), such as antibiotic use, Caesarean delivery, and preterm delivery. Previous studies of the microbiome in EGIDs have primarily focused on the bacteria present in EoE. The healthy oesophagus has a unique microbiome with increased numbers of gram-positive bacteria from the phylum Firmicutes. Studies in mice show the unique oesophageal microenvironment dictates the oesophageal microbiome. Is EoE Associated With Changes in Bacteria in Oesophagus? EoE may be associated with increased numbers of bacteria in the oesophagus. Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Prevotella, Neisseria, Haemophilus species) may be increased in the oesophagus of patients with EoE. The stool microbiome is not a good non-invasive test for EoE because, so far, researchers have not observed any differences in the stool microbiome of patients with EoE compared to patients without EoE. Additional studies are needed to determine if changing the microbiome (e.g., probiotics) can be used to prevent or treat EGIDs. Information is provided by The Consortium of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Researchers (CEGIR) Learn more about CEGIRs work Donate today for a brighter tomorrow Last updated 21/06/23 ©EOS Network 2023 All rights reserved Manage Cookie Preferences